China Nuclear Program & Collaborations, India Nowhere (C)

China Nuclear Program & Collaborations, India Nowhere (C)



Third article in this series explain how India has been isolated in developing nuclear power since exploding nuclear devices in 1974 followed by 1998.



A chart explains how Japan built 16 large reactors in seven years as sanctions denied access to Nuclear Technologies prevented India from completing and developing new reactors.



But in quest for indigenous technology development India continued to lag behind in technology.



http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/RDS2-27_web.pdf



In table 10 in above document you can see Madras Nuclear Reactors of 202 MWe net rating had 25% designed thermal efficiency and were worst hit by sanctions of 1974 and were commissioned in 13 years to 15 years. Around the time last of these units were commissioned in july1992 Japan installed 1067 MWe net Toshiba reactors with 32.4% thermal efficiency and MHI reactor of 1127 MWe rating of 33% thermal efficiency were operational. Even in 1972 1120 MWe net rating reactors of 32.7% thermal efficiency were available.



Tarapur 1 of 150 MWe net rating had 28% thermal efficiency was supplied by GE in 1964 is still operational. First 220 MWe name plate rating was launched in January1971 of 25% net thermal efficiency and last was commissioned in December2000. So India persisted with outdated technology like Ambassador Car for 30 years.



The latest 540 MWe name plate rating and net rating of 490 MWe commissioned in June2006 has thermal efficiency of only 28% no better than GE technology of 1994. So India has made no progress on its own in 40 plus years. Recently Finland commissioned 1600 MWe net reactor that gives 37% thermal efficiency with 5% enrichment.



China has scaled up its Nuclear program “In May 2007, the government and the National Development and Reform Commission planned to increase nuclear capacity to 40 GWe by 2020, and to 120-160 GWe by 2030.”



http://www.areva-np.com/common/liblocal/docs/press/China%20Press%20kit%20November%202007OK.pdf



China has slightly more Uranium than India but had already acquired Enrichment Plant from Russia. China supplied boilers for EPR 1600 MWe reactors and also contracted to provide boiler pumps, obviously China has civil engineering and turbine & generator technology. China is collaborating in development of advanced reactors.



Why can’t India join and collaborate with technology leaders to give India efficient and economical Nuclear Power technology?



Ravinder Singh

July10, 2008



JAPAN REACTORS BUILT BETWEEN MAY1974 & APRIL 1981



This is a list of Reactors Japan built after Phokhran Explosion and next reactor 220 MWe reactor commissioned by India.



Name
Type
Rating,

MWe
Operational

Status
Operator

Fukushima I-2
BWR
760
July, 1974
TEPCO

Takahama-1
PWR
780
Nov. 1974
KEPCO

Genkai-1
PWR
529
Oct. 1975
Kyushu E.

Takahama-2
PWR
780
Nov.1975
KEPCO

Hamaoka-1
BWR
515
March, 1976
Chubu E.

Fukushima I-3
BWR
760
March, 1976
TEPCO

Mihama-3
PWR
780
Dec. 1976
KEPCO

Ikata 1
PWR
538
Sept. 1977
YODEN

Fukushima I-4
BWR
760
Oct. 1978
TEPCO

Fukushima I-5
BWR
760
April, 1978
TEPCO

Hamaoka-2
BWR
806
Nov. 1978
Chubu E.

Tokai-2
BWR
1056
Nov. 1978
JAPC

Ôi-1
PWR
1120
March 1979
KEPCO

Fukushima I-6
BWR
1067
Oct. 1979
TEPCO

Ôi-2
PWR
1120
Dec. 1979
KEPCO

Genkai-2
PWR
529
March, 1981
Kyushu E.